Humanneedsseemendless.Whenahungrymangetsameal,hebeginstothinkaboutanovercoat;whenamanagergetsanewsportscar,abighouseandpleasureboatsdanceintoview.

  Themanyneedsofmankindmightberegardedasmakingupseverallevels.Whenthereismoneyenoughtosatisfyonelevelofneeds,anotherlevelappears.

  Thefirstandmostbasiclevelofneedsinvolvesfood.Oncethislevelissatisfied,thesecondlevelofneeds,clothingandsomesortofshelter,appears.BytheendofWorldWarII,theseneedsweresatisfiedforagreatmajorityofAmericans.Thenathirdlevelappeared.Itincludedsuchitemsasautomobilesandnewhouses.

  Byorthisthirdlevelofneedswasfairlywellsatisfied.Then,inthelates,afourthlevelofneedsappeared:the“lifeenriching”level.Whiletheotherlevelsinvolvephysicalsatisfaction,thatis,thefeeding,   Onthefourthlevel,alotofmoneyisspentonservices,whileonthefirstthreelevelsmoreisspentongoods.Willconsumersraisetheirsightstoafifthlevelofneedsastheirin   Afifthlevelwouldprobablyinvolveneedsthatcanbeachievedbestby   1.Accordingtothepassage,manwillbegintothinkaboutsuchneedsashousingandclothingonlywhen_____.

  A.hehassavedupenoughmoney

  B.hehasgrowndissatisfiedwithhissimpleshelter

  C.hehassatisfiedhishunger

  D.hehaslearnedtobuildhouses

  2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbytheendofWorldWarⅡ,mostAmericans_____.

  A.wereveryrich

  B.livedinpoverty

  C.hadthegoodthingsonthefirstthreelevels

  D.didnotownautomobiles

  3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedto“physicalsatisfaction”?

  A.Asuccessfulcareer.B.A   C.Agoodmeal.D.Afamilycar.

  4.Whatisthemainconcernofmanonthefourthlevel?

  A.Themoregoodsthebetter.

  B.Themorementalsatisfactionthebetter.

  C.Themore“luxury”itemsthebetter.

  D.Themoreearningsthebetter.

  5.Theauthortendstothinkthatthefifthlevel_____.

  A.wouldbelittlebetterthanthefourthlevel

  B.maybealotmoredesirablethanthefirstfour

  C.canbethelastandmostsatisfyinglevel

  D.willbe   1.[答案]C

  [精析]本题答案对应于第一、三段。文章的第一段提到一个人有了吃的就会想到再要件衣服,第三段又说最基本的需求是食物,这个层次的需求得到满足后人就会考虑服装和住的地方。综合判断,所以选C,即他不再饥饿后就会产生对住处和衣服的需求。

  2.[答案]D

  [精析]文章第三段中说第二次世界大战结束时,对于大多数美国人来说,食品、服装以及住所的需求都满足了,然后第三个层次的需求,包括汽车和新房子便出现了。这说明第二次世界大战结束时大多数美国人还没有汽车。A“很富有”,意思不明。B“生活在贫困中”,不符合文意。C“满足了前三个层次的需求”,也不正确,因为这时第三个层次的需求才刚刚出现。

  3.[答案]A

  [精析]本题答案对应于文章的第四段,第四段第三行说physicalsatisfaction包括食物、生活舒适、有安全感、有交通工具,在B、C、D中都有体现。故选A.

  4.[答案]B

  [精析]本题答案对应文章第四段,其中第四行thislevel,也就是第四个层次的需求强调的是精神需求,所以选B.

  5.[答案]B

  [精析]本题考查考生对作者意思的整体把握。先看A“比第四个层次要好一些”,意思含糊。C“是最终的、最令人满意的需求层次”,太绝对。D“在政府采取行动之前就能实现”,不合文意。文章说第五个层次的需求要通过集体行动实现,即人们付钱给政府,让其对抗疾病、愚昧、犯罪与不公。可见这要在政府采取行动后实现。而B的意思是“比前四个层次的需求更值得拥有”,这是正确的。









































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